Home Page

Nanotechnology in Asia, Europe and US

Investing in Nanotechnolgy

Nanotechnology Applications

Nanotechnology Applications

Nanotechnology Stocks

Nanotechnology Jobs

Nanotechnology materials

Nanotechnology manufacturing

NanoElectronics

DNA nanotechnology

Medical nanotechnology

Thin films nanotechnology

Future Nanotechnology



Links





Nanotechnology Nanomaterials research and application.
Free downloads pdf papers, articles reports on nanotechnology investment & company.



NANOMATERIALS SAFETY PROGRAM free pdf






ROADMAPS AT 2015 ON NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATION IN THE SECTORS OF: MATERIALS, HEALTH & MEDICAL SYSTEMS, ENERGY
The 12 topics identified, even if not being completely homogenous in terms of scope or materials classification, were intended to adequately cover the field of nanomaterials. The following list was agreed upon the different partners of the NRM project (similar classifications can be found in the existing bibliography):
• Nanostructured materials • Nanoparticles / nanocomposites
• Nanocapsules
• Nanoporous materials
• Nanofibres
• Fullerenes
• Nanowires
• Single-Walled & Multi-Walled (Carbon) Nanotubes
• Dendrimers
• Molecular Electronics
• Quantum Dots
• Thin Films




Chemical Industry R&D Roadmap for Nanomaterials By Design:From Fundamentals to Function



Early in the nineteenth century, scientific evidence was found that proved that matter is composed of discrete entities called atoms. It is likely that this discovery prompted a natural desire to be able to control the structure of matter atom by atom. Feynman in his 1960 article 'There's plenty of room at the bottom' discussed the advantages that could be provided by such control. For example, he pointed out that if a bit of information requires only 100 atoms, then all the books ever written could be stored in a cube with sides 0.02 in long. In recent years, researchers have been able to write bits of information in two dimensions using even fewer than 100 atoms by using a scanning tunneling microscope . Economical fabrication of such structures remains a challenge . Storage of information on an ever finer scale is just one aspect of the rapidly growing field of nanomaterials in which researchers are trying to control the fine-scale structure of materials.

Nanoparticles play a vital role in high performance materials in high technology industries. The studies of nanoparticles started in the early 1980's and have now become one of the hottest worldwide research fields (Pui and Chen, 1997). There are four main processing approaches for the preparation of nanoparticles by chemical method (Riman, 1993): (1) chemistry in liquid phase including direct strike (Murata, et al., 1976), nonsolvent addition (Mulder, 1970), solvent removal (Cheng, et al., 1986), gel drying (sol-gel) (Perthuis, And Colomban, 1984) and precipitation from homogeneous solution (Gordon, et al., 1959); (2) chemistry between heterogeneous phase including hydrothermal synthesis (Adair, et al., 1987), molten salt synthesis (Arendt, et al., 1979), pyrolysis (Wada, et al., 1987) and spark erosion (Berkowitz, et al., 1987); (3) chemistry in a droplet including emulsions (Woodhead, et al., 1980), micelles (Gobe, et al., 1983) or microemulsions (Kandori, et al., 1988) and aerosols (Balboa, et al., 1987); (4) chemistry in the vapor phase including heating method (Mazdiyasni, et al., 1965), vapor precursors (Iwama, et al., 1982), liquid precursors (Kagawa, et al., 1983) and solid precursors (Watanabe, et al., 1986). The most attractive methods are those which synthesize in the liquid medium, including methods of precipitation, reduction, dehydration, solvent evaporation, reversed micelle technology and microemulsion polymerization, etc. In this chapter, we will focus on the nanoparticles made from both W/O microemulsion (reversed micelles) and O/W microemulsion procedures.





Applications Since the particle size of nanoparticles is in the order of nanometers (1–100 nm), both electron distributions and atom positions at the surface may be different from those at the bulk. Thus, nanoparticles show many outstanding characteristics that the bulk materials do not possess. The most obvious properties are surface effect, quantum effect (Kubo, 1962; Wang and Herron, 1991), mini-size effect and macroquantum channel effect (Legget and Chakravarty, 1987; Awschalom and McCord, 1990). It is these special properties that make nanoparticles attractive to many researchers, and nanoparticles have found many novel applications in the electronic, metallurgical, chemical, biological and pharmaceutical industries. There are two important applications for nanoparticles prepared through microemulsion routes. One application is the synthesis of high performance materials, such as superconductivity materials, smart materials, coating materials for chemical or biological sensors, etc. Another application is drug delivery systems, which may have potential market in biomedical industries.

From the point of material preparation, the difference between nanophysics and nanochemistry lies in that for nanophysics one makes nanosystem from the bulk substance and for nanochemistry people prepare nanomaterials from molecules or ions. The properties of these nanosytems are different from the bulk materials and molecules or ions. So, "nanomaterial research", as an important branch of nanoscience, has gone ahead fastest as a combination and complement of nanochemistry and nanophysics. Many nanomaterial systems with specific structure and properties are synthesized (Alivisatos, 1996), for example, the self-assembled metal particles (Harfenist, et al., 1996), insulator (Yin, et al., 1997) or semiconductor nanocrystal arrays(Motte, et al., 1996), the intrataxy growth of nanoparticles in zeolites(Agger, et al., 1998), nanoparticles array in 2-D Langmuir-Blodgett films (Peng, et al., 1992).

Industrial application of nanomaterials - chances and risks-110 pages Free Full download
Small cutting... INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS AND MARKET POTENTIALS
The production of nanomaterial based products involves several manufacturing steps. It usually starts with the production of nanoscaled particles from precursors or bulk materials, goes to master batches or dispersions which can be intergrated into commercial products to make semi-manufactured roducts and ends in products over a wide range of applications. The processing of nanoparticles depends on the basic formulation, solid as nanopowders or liquid as dispersions. Nanopowders can be used as fillers for different materials such as varnish, paint, plastics, etc. or they can be used as educts e.g. for the production of ceramics. Liquid nanodispersions can be integrated into other liquid systems such as paints or can be used to create new composites with new properties. The following figure shows a typical value chain of nanoparticulate material based products.